Fever in a Returning Traveller

Timing Questions: Fever since when, is it all the time or does it come and go, how often, when do they have fever, when is it worst, is it getting worse

How high have they recorded it? Any chills/shakes, night sweats, weight loss, anorexia, fatigue

When did they leave the UK and when did they return? Where did they go? Did they go directly there? Any stopovers? How long spent in each place? Exact dates of arrival and departure in each place. When did they become unwell?

Any other trips abroad in last few years? Where? Well during those trips?

Purpose of travel

Where did they stay? (hotel, dormitory, campsite etc)

Rural/urban, rich/poor area, poor sanitation

Mode of transport eg. plane,cruise, bus, train

Bites- insects/reptiles/mosquitos/ticks/flies/mites/fleas

Animals-bites/licks/other contact eg. dead/slaughtered/game parks/safaris/farms/caves. Which animals? Eg. antelope/bats/primates/sheep/cattle/rats/poultry/birds

Exposure to ill people eg. TB, duration of exposure. Are the rest of those who travelled well? Degree of contact with local people

Food and drink- raw/undercooked food, unbottled water, unpasteurised dairy, bush meat, shellfish, street food

Activities whilst away- fresh/salt water exposure eg. boating/swimming in lakes/rivers/scuba diving, soil, dust exposure eg.caving/mining/deserts, sports, walking eg. forests

Sex abroad- with/without condom, with a male/female partner, how many partners with an IVDU, with a sex worker, with a person with HIV

Any recreational drug use, needle sharing/tattoos/piercings/acupuncture

Any injuries/illnesses/hospital admission, tests and treatment eg. transfusions/surgery. Any contact with hospitals, dental work

Any funerals abroad/contact with blood/body fluids/specimens from live/dead person/animal known/suspected to have Ebola or other VHF

Any flooding/sewage exposure

 

Timing, nature and duration of associated symptoms:

CVS: CP, SOB, palps, syncope, ankle swelling, orthopnoea, PND

Resp: cough, sputum, SOB, pleuritic CP, sore throat, coryza, wheeze, haemoptysis, exercise tolerance

Abdo: N+V, abdo pain, constip/diarrhoea +/- blood, jaundice

Neuro: headache, weakness, sensory, seizures, neck stiffness, confusion, photophobia

Urinary: frequency, urgency, dysuria, colour, haematuria, itching

Haem: bleeding eg. from gums/nose/bowel etc, bruising

MSK/Rheum: joint pains/swellings, rash, red eye, mouth ulcers, hair loss, back pain, raynauds, myalgia

Derm: rash, ulcer, itch

GU: discharge, dysuria, testicular pain or swelling/pelvic pain

 

Dx: including pre travel advice and vaccine history (dates of vaccines pre-travel), malaria prophylaxis (which pill, start and stop dates, side effects, adherence, repellent, nets), antibiotics so far

 

PMH: including TB, HIV

 

Fx: including TB

 

Sx: alcohol, smoking, drug use, occupation eg. farmer, food handler, country of birth and when came to the UK, driving, sexual hx if not covered already previous travel history, pregnancies/conception plans

 

ICE (ideas, concerns, and expectations)

 

Systems review (if not already covered)

 

Investigations (select according to most likely cause):

FBC+differential, U+E, LFT, CRP, Clotting

Malaria blood films x3 and rapid diagnostic test

Blood cultures x3

Stool m,c,s and ova, cysts and parasites, virology, C Diff testing

Chest radiograph

Sputum m,c,s and AFBs x3 (and urine for AFBs)

Viral throat swab

Respiratory atypical screen (and urine antigen for legionella)

Urine dipstick and MSU for m,c,s

EBV, CMV

HIV, Hep B and C (+/- Hep A, D, E), syphilis test+ STI screen

Abdominal USS/CT abdomen

Serologic tests e.g. Dengue, chikungunya, amoebic, brucella, Ricketssial Abs, Q fever, leptospirosis, histoplasma, filarial, leishmania, hydatid, schistosomal, borrelia Abs

Examination of cerebrospinal fluid

Doppler USS leg+/- CTPA

Biopsy of skin lesion, lymph nodes, other masses, bone marrow